公共英語考試《三級(jí)》閱讀理解練習(xí)(12)

Text 2

The cohesiveness(內(nèi)聚力 ) of a family seems to rely on members sharing certain routine prac- tices and events. For a growing share of the American labor force,however,working shifts beyond the normal daylight hours--what we here call "shift work"--makes the lives of families difficult.

Existing re.search shows that both male and female shift workers express high levels of stress and a sense of conflict between the demands of work and family life. But shift work couples still maintain a traditional attitude to the meaning of marriage and the individual roles of husband and wife. They expressed a willingness to do "whatever it takes" to approximate their view of a proper marriage,in- cluding sacrificing sleep and doing conventional things at unconventional hours. For the majority of couples interviewed,even when wives worked outside their homes,a proper marriage is character- ized by a very clear division of roles: husbands are "providers" whose major responsibility is to sup- port the family ;wives arc "homemakers" who clean,cook,and care for husbands and children.

The women's definitions of a "good husband" are typified by the following wife's response:

I expect him to be a good provider,and be there when I need him,loyal about the same things as he would expect out of me,expect that I expect him to dominate over me. But in a manner of speak- ing,wben it' s time to be a man I expect him to stand up instead of sitting back expecting me to do everything.To husbands,a good wife is someone who is:

Unde

These views seemed critical to maintain the families of the shift workers.

31. Despite ,shift work couples still hoped to maintain a stable life.

[ A ] traditional beliefs about marriage

[ B ] Jack of control over time

[ C ] a very clear division of roles

[ D ] the demands of work

32. From the selection,we can conclude that female shift workers were NOT satisfied with

[A] their work

[ B ] their children

[ C ] their husbands' inability to protect the family and provide companionship

[D] leisure activities

33. What is implied by the author?

[ A 1 Shift work had a direct effect on the attitudes and behavior of family members.

[ B ] Shift workers could live a normal life.

[ C] Shift work couples had unconventional ideas about marriage.

[ D ] Female shift workers were satisfied with the time spent together with their families.

34. In order to continue the marriages of the shift workers,

[ A] wives must learn to care for the children when their husbands are absent

[ B ] shift work couples must administer their time and activities

[ C ] wives mustn' t adapt their own feelings of boredom to their husbands'

[ D ] all of thesework

35. The best title for this paragraph is

[ A ] Constructing Family Life

[ B ] Managing Time and Activities

[ C ] The Meaning of Marriage

[ D ] Living a Normal Life

Text 2

參考譯文

一個(gè)家庭的內(nèi)聚力似乎要依靠家庭成員們一起做一些常規(guī)的事情來維系。然而由于美國(guó)勞動(dòng)力人數(shù)的增多，在非正常工作時(shí)間的輪班工作，也就是我們通常所說的換班工作”，使家庭生活面臨困境。

現(xiàn)有的調(diào)查表明男性和女性的倒班工人都承認(rèn)壓力很大，工作和家庭生活的需求相互沖突。但是，從事?lián)Q班工作的夫婦們?nèi)匀槐３种鴮?duì)婚姻的意義和夫妻各自責(zé)任的傳統(tǒng)觀念。他們表示仍然愿意不惜一切代價(jià)”實(shí)現(xiàn)他們認(rèn)為正常的婚姻生活，譬如犧牲睡眠時(shí)間或是在非常規(guī)的時(shí)間去做一些慣例的事情。大多數(shù)接受采訪的夫婦，甚至是那些妻子在外工作的家庭都認(rèn)為，正常家庭生活的顯著特點(diǎn)還是清楚的分工：丈夫是家庭的支撐者”，他們主要的責(zé)任是養(yǎng)活全家，而妻子仍然是主婦”。她們負(fù)責(zé)打掃、做飯、照顧丈夫和孩子。

以下是一個(gè)妻子對(duì)好丈夫”的定義，這代表了所有女人的看法：

我希望他能養(yǎng)家。在我需要的時(shí)候陪在我身邊，和我熱衷于相同的事物。希望他也愿意支配我，就像我期望的那樣。這么說吧，在需要他表現(xiàn)得像個(gè)男人的時(shí)候，我希望他挺身而出，而不是坐視不管，卻想讓我去處理一切。

丈夫們眼中的好妻子是這樣的：

她要理解我在工作中的感受。我需要在工作時(shí)受尊重，我希望能在工作中找到受尊重的感覺。我要我的妻子明白我對(duì)工作的期望。我可不想每天下班回家的時(shí)候，她嘮叨個(gè)沒完洇為我也不知道這是否有意義。以上的觀點(diǎn)對(duì)于維護(hù)那些輪班工作的夫妻家庭是至關(guān)重要的。

答案及解析

31.B【解析】shiftwork”意為working shifts beyond the normal daylighthours”。而A、C選項(xiàng)中traditional beliefs about marmge”，a veryclear division of roles”均為a stable life”的一部分，不符合題意。

32.c【解析】由文中the women'S definitions of a good husband”可以看出C為正確答案。

33.A【解析】由文章主旨句shiftwork makes the lives of families difficult”可知選A。

34.D【解析】聯(lián)系全文，知A、B、c三項(xiàng)均正確。

35.C【解析】先排除D項(xiàng)，因全文圍繞shiftwork展開，B項(xiàng)則太具體,A項(xiàng)則涵義過廣,全文切入點(diǎn)為marriage。

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