各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)
被動(dòng)語態(tài)概述
被動(dòng)語態(tài)的概念：它是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，表示主語與謂語之間的執(zhí)行或被執(zhí)行關(guān)系。主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是謂語動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是謂語動(dòng)作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river.
被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成
被動(dòng)語態(tài)的形式是由“助動(dòng)詞be+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。助動(dòng)詞be隨著主語的人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)等的不同而變化。幾種常見時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式如下：
1、 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) am/is/are + 過去分詞
例如：Rice is planted in the south of China.
2、 一般過去時(shí) was/were + 過去分詞
例如：These trees were planted the year before last.
3、 一般將來時(shí) will/shall + be + 過去分詞
例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.
4、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) am/is/are + being + 過去分詞
例如：Your radio is being repaired now.
5、 過去進(jìn)行時(shí) was/were + being + 過去分詞
When he got there, the problem was being discussed.
6、 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) have/has + been + 過去分詞
His work has been finished.
Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t.
7、 過去完成時(shí) had + been + 過去分詞
注意：
1、除了be之外的其它系動(dòng)詞如get, stay等也可以和過去分詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例如：Their questions haven’t got answered.
2、 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的謂語變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)使用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be + 過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：
More attention should be paid to the old in this country.
This work can’t be done until Mr. Black comes.
3、 含有“be going to”， “be to”等結(jié)構(gòu)的謂語，其被動(dòng)語態(tài)分別用“be going to + be + 過去分詞”和“be to + be + 過去分詞”。例如：
The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting.
All these books are to be taken to the library.
4、 被動(dòng)語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別：“連系動(dòng)詞+用作表語的過去分詞”構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)，與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的形式完全一樣，所以應(yīng)注意它們的區(qū)別。被動(dòng)語態(tài)中的過去分詞是動(dòng)詞，多強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作；系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的過去分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞，多強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。前者通?？捎胋y 引出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，而后者則不可以。例如：
The map was changed by someone.（被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)）
That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）
系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的過去分詞通?？杀籿ery修飾，被動(dòng)語態(tài)中的過去分詞往往要用much修飾。
例如：
He was very excited.（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）
He was much excited by her words.（被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)）
5、 主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。有些動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式有被動(dòng)意味，如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此時(shí)句子的主語一般是物。例如：
These books sell well. 這些書很暢銷。
The door won’t shut. 這門關(guān)不上。
The clothes wash well. 這些衣服很好洗。
一.重點(diǎn)句型
What should a friend be like? 詢問對方的看法
I think he / she should be…表示個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)的詞語
I enjoy reading / I'm fond of singing / I like playing computer 等表示喜好的詞語
Chuck is on a flight when suddenly his plane
“when"作并列連詞的用法
What / Who / When / Where is it 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的
特殊疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)
With so many people communicating in English everyday,
“with+賓語+賓補(bǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)做狀語
Can you tell me how to 帶連接副詞
(或代詞)的不定式做賓補(bǔ)的用法
二.重點(diǎn)詞匯
especially 特別地
imagine 想像
alone / 單獨(dú)，孤獨(dú)的
interest 興趣
everyday 每天的，日常的
deserted 拋棄的
hunt 搜尋
share 分享
care 在乎，關(guān)心
total 總數(shù)
majority 大多數(shù)
survive 生存，活下來
adventure 冒險(xiǎn)
scared 嚇壞的
admit 承認(rèn)
while 但是，而
boring 令人厭煩的
except 除……之外
quality 質(zhì)量
favourite 最喜愛的
三.重點(diǎn)短語
be fond of愛好
treat…as…把……看作為……
make friends with 與……交朋友
argue with about / over 與某人爭論某事
hunt for尋找
in order to為了
share…with與……分享
bring in引進(jìn);賺錢
a great / good many許多…
unit 5
of high/ good quality 質(zhì)優(yōu) devote to + doing投身于做某事
set up建立，安排 in principle主要 in peace和平
out of work失業(yè) in work處于有工作的狀態(tài)
out of control失控 in control處于被控制的狀態(tài)
vote for投票選舉 vote against投票反對
be equal to 與……等同 in trouble 有麻煩
turn to求助，轉(zhuǎn)向
turn on / off 開關(guān)燈
turn up / down 出現(xiàn)/拒絕
loseheart灰心
lose one's heart to愛上某人;傾心
escape from / + doing sth逃避去干某事
come to power / in power掌權(quán)，當(dāng)政
be sentenced to被宣判為
in one’s opinion某人認(rèn)為，以某人的觀點(diǎn)來看
fight for / against為……而戰(zhàn)/為反對……而戰(zhàn) blow up 爆炸 爆發(fā)
dream of/ about夢想著……
imagine doing sth 想象著做某事
the first time首次(后面加時(shí)間狀語從句)
for the first time第一次(做狀語)
add up 合計(jì)
add up to 總計(jì)達(dá)
add… to… 把。加到。里
add to 增加增添 擴(kuò)建
… down 平靜下來
got to 不得不，必須
concerned about / for 關(guān)心
the dog 遛狗
cheat …of 欺騙
through 穿過
go ahead 同意某人的請求
go by 流逝
down 記下
set up 建立
set off 出發(fā) 引爆
set out to do=set about doing 著手做某事
series of 一系列
purpose 故意地
byaccident= chance 偶然地
in order to=so as to 為了
at dusk 在黃昏 at dawn 在黎明
at midnight 在午夜 at noon 在中午
to face 面對面
longer= not … any longer 不再
settle down 安頓下來
suffer from 遭受,患病
from 恢復(fù) ,痊愈
get/ betired of 對…感到厭煩
make a listof 列清單
… up 裝箱打包
along/ on with與…相處,/ 進(jìn)展
fall in love愛上
be gratefulto for 對某人因?yàn)槟呈卤硎靖屑?/p>
join in/take part in /join/ attend 參加… 加入
make sb/ sth+ 賓語補(bǔ)足語 使…
havesomething/little /nothing to do with 與有關(guān)， 與。無關(guān)
it’sbecause… +原因
it’s why…. +結(jié)果
+ (to) do (實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)
do (情態(tài)動(dòng)詞) 敢
a year and ahalf= one and a half years 一年半
it’s nopleasure+ doing sth
沒有樂趣做。
happen to dosth 碰巧做。
trouble/ difficulty with sb /(in) doing sth
做某事有困難
exactly 的確如此 not exactly 不完全是
find it + + to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做。很。
make friendswith 與。交朋友
swap … with 與。交換
is / was + 序數(shù)詞 time + that +has done / had done ….某人第幾次做。事
because of 因?yàn)椤?(注意和because 的區(qū)別)
even if (= even thoug)即使，用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句
come up 走上前來，走近，發(fā)生，出現(xiàn) come up with 追上，趕上，提出
communicate with sb 和某人交流
be different from… 與……不同
be different in … 在……方面不同
Most of my projects are different in
我多數(shù)作品的演奏風(fēng)格都不同。
be based on 以……為基礎(chǔ)
at present 目前，眼下 for the present眼前;暫時(shí)
make (good/better/full)use of
the latter后者 the former 前者
a large number of 大量的 the number of …的數(shù)量
such as 例如
hold on 堅(jiān)持住，握住不放;(打電話時(shí))等―會
… you will hear the difference in the way(that/ in which) people
你會聽出人們在說話時(shí)的差異。
play a role/ part (in) 在…中擔(dān)任角色;在…中起作用;扮演一個(gè)角色
the same …as… 與……一樣
at the top of…在…頂上
at the bottom of 在……底部
bring up 教養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育;提出
request sb (not) to do 要求某人做/不要做某事
be satisfied with…對……感到滿意，滿足于
suggest (request，insist…)
I suggested you do what he 我建議你按照他說的去做。
I suggest you not go 我想你明天還是不要去了。
His pale face suggested that he was in bad 他蒼白的臉色暗示了他身體不好。
注意：insist 意思為“堅(jiān)持要求”時(shí)后面的that從句用虛擬語氣;如果insist 意為“強(qiáng)調(diào)，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”的時(shí)候，從句可以用任何所需要的時(shí)態(tài)。例如：She insisted that she didn’t tell a 她堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為她沒撒謊。
according to…. 按照… 根據(jù)…
一、重點(diǎn)句型
What should a friend be like?詢問對方的看法
I think he / she should be…表示個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)的詞語
I enjoy reading / I'm fond of singing / I like playing computer 等表示喜好的詞語
Chuck is on a flight when suddenly his plane
“when"作并列連詞的用法
What / Who / When / Where is it 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的
特殊疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)
With so many people communicating in English everyday,
“with+賓語+賓補(bǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)做狀語
Can you tell me how to 帶連接副詞
(或代詞)的不定式做賓補(bǔ)的用法
重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語
because of 因?yàn)?、由?/p>
come up 走近、上來、提出
actually 實(shí)際上、事實(shí)上
base 以…為基礎(chǔ)，根基
at present 目前
make use of 利用
such as 例如
command 命令、指令、掌握
request 請求、要求
play a part/role in 扮演一個(gè)角色
recognize 辨認(rèn)出、承認(rèn)、公認(rèn)
straight 直接、挺直、筆直的
be different from 與…不同
be the same as 和…一樣
one another 相互，彼此(=each other)
at the end of 在…結(jié)束時(shí)
because of 因?yàn)?后接名詞或名詞性短語)
because 因?yàn)?后接句子)
be based on 根據(jù)，依據(jù)
at present 目前;當(dāng)今
especially 特別，尤其
specially 專門地
make use of 利用…
make the best of 充分利用…
a large number of 大量的，很多(作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù))
the number of …的數(shù)量(作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù))
in fact = actually= as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上
make lists of… 列清單
included 包括(前面接包括的對象)
including包括(后面接包括的對象)
command to do 命令某人去做某事
command + that 從句(從句用should+V原)
request to do 要求某人做某事
request + that 從句(從句用should+V原)
Whichever and whatever you like, there is a theme park for you!
With all these attractions, no wonder tourism is increasing wherever there is a
To enter a world of fantasy about ancient England, come to Camelot Park!
Futuroscope is not only for individuals, but is also the perfect mix of fun and learning for class
If driving, Futuroscope is within easy reach of the
Visit the candy shop to try the same kind of candy that American southerners made 150years ago, or take a ride on the only steam engine train still working in the …
After that, joined some drivers and went to the bottom of the ocean to see the strange blind creatures that have never seen
Visitors can get close to parts of the world they have never experienced, going to the bottom of the ocean, flying through the jungle or visiting the edges of the solar system
amusing /?'mju:zi?/ 有趣的;可笑的
energetic /,en?'d?etik/ 精力充沛的
intelligent /in'telid??nt/ 聰明的
nervous /'n?:v?s/ 緊張的;焦慮的
organized /'?:g?naizd/ 有組織的;有系統(tǒng)的
patient /'pei??nt/ 耐心的
serious /'si?ri?s/ 嚴(yán)肅的
shy /?ai/ 害羞的;羞怯的
strict /strikt/ 嚴(yán)格的;嚴(yán)厲的
impression /im'pre??n/ 印象
avoid /?'v?id/ (故意)避開
hate /heit/ 討厭;不喜歡
incorrectly /,ink?'rektli/ 不正確地
completely /k?m'pli:tli/ 十分地;完全地
immediately /i'mi:di?tli/ 立即，即刻
appreciate /?'pri:?ieit/ 感激
admit /?d'mit/ 承認(rèn)
scientific /,sai?n'tifik/ 科學(xué)的
literature /'lit?r?t??/ 文學(xué)
loudly /'laudli/ 大聲地
wave /weiv/ 揮(手);招(手)
joke /d??uk/ 玩笑;笑話
summary /'s?m?ri/ 總結(jié);摘要;提要
respect /ri'spekt/ & 尊敬;尊重
grade /greid/ (美)成績;分?jǐn)?shù)
headmaster /'hed'mɑ:st?/ 校長
headmistress /'hed'mistris/ 女校長
period /'pi?ri?d/ 一段時(shí)間
revision /ri'vi??n/ 復(fù)習(xí)
translation /tr?ns'lei??n/ 翻譯
timetable /'taimteibl/ 時(shí)間表
topic /'t?pik/ 話題;題目
vacation /vei'kei??n/ 假期
revise /ri'vaiz/ 溫習(xí)(功課)
discipline /'disiplin/ 紀(jì)律
relationship /ri'lei??n?ip/ 關(guān)系
formal /'f?:m?l/ 正式的
relaxed /ri'l?kst/ 輕松的;松懈的,寬松的
similarly /'simil?li/ 同樣地，類似地
make sure 確定;確信;查明;弄清楚
so that (引起表示結(jié)果的從句)因此
make progress 取得進(jìn)步
as a result 結(jié)果
in fact 事實(shí)上
fall asleep 睡著
tell jokes 講笑話;開玩笑
一.重點(diǎn)句型
What should a friend be like? 詢問對方的看法
I think he / she should be…表示個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)的詞語
I enjoy reading / I'm fond of singing / I like playing computer 等表示喜好的詞語
Chuck is on a flight when suddenly his plane
“when"作并列連詞的用法
What / Who / When / Where is it 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的
特殊疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)
With so many people communicating in English everyday,
“with+賓語+賓補(bǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)做狀語
Can you tell me how to 帶連接副詞
(或代詞)的不定式做賓補(bǔ)的用法
二.重點(diǎn)詞匯
especially 特別地
imagine 想像
alone / 單獨(dú)，孤獨(dú)的
interest 興趣
everyday 每天的，日常的
deserted 拋棄的
hunt 搜尋
share 分享
care 在乎，關(guān)心
total 總數(shù)
majority 大多數(shù)
survive 生存，活下來
adventure 冒險(xiǎn)
scared 嚇壞的
admit 承認(rèn)
while 但是，而
boring 令人厭煩的
except 除……之外
quality 質(zhì)量
favourite 最喜愛的
三.重點(diǎn)短語
be fond of愛好
treat…as…把……看作為……
make friends with 與……交朋友
argue with about / over 與某人爭論某事
hunt for尋找
in order to為了
share…with與……分享
bring in引進(jìn);賺錢
a great / good many許多…
away毫不遲疑，立刻
seemed as if the world was at an 世界似乎到了末日。
從句表示“(在某人)看來好像;似乎”
① It seems/looks/appears as if/though…看起來好像…
② as if/though…
③ There seems/appears(to be)…
There appears to have been a
變?yōu)閺U墟
built shelters for survivors whose homes had been
the weight of在……重壓下，迫于
the open air在戶外，在野外，露天
turns to do sth依次，輪流做某事
in turn依次地，輪流地
shocked at對……感到震驚
proud of以……為自豪
one’s thanks to sb/for sth…對/因……表示感謝
warning毫無預(yù)兆
to緊接著，相鄰，次于
away from…避免，擺脫，離開
areas災(zāi)區(qū)
to English is a very important skill because it is only when we understand what is said to us that we can have a conversation with
聽英語是一項(xiàng)很重要的技能，因?yàn)橹挥挟?dāng)我們懂得別人給我們說什么我們才能與他交談。
is believed that人們認(rèn)為…
up舉起;托住;支撐列舉，推舉
up彌補(bǔ),虛構(gòu),整理,和解,化妝,拼湊
trapped in被困于…
is said that…據(jù)說
fixed to…被固定到……
tied to…被綁在……
重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語
add up 合計(jì)
upset vt&vi 弄翻，使…不安,使心煩,擾亂
心煩意亂的,不舒服的,不適的,難過的.
ignore不理睬、忽視
calm (使)平靜、(使)鎮(zhèn)定
calm down 平靜/鎮(zhèn)定下來
have got to 不得不、必須
concern (使)擔(dān)憂、涉及、關(guān)系到
be concerned about…關(guān)心，掛念
go through 經(jīng)歷、經(jīng)受
set down 記下、放下、登記
a series of 一系列
on purpose 故意
in order to 為了……
at dusk 在黃昏時(shí)刻
face to face 面對面地
no longer/not…any longer 不再……
settle 安家、定居、停留
suffer 遭受、忍受、經(jīng)歷
suffer from 遭受、患病
recover 痊愈、恢復(fù)、重新獲得
get/be tired of 對……厭煩
pack 捆扎，包裝/包裹
pack (sth) up 將(東西)裝箱打包
get along with 與……相處
fall in love 愛上
disagree 不同意
join in 參加
prefer to do , rather than do 喜歡做……而不喜歡做
would rather do , than do喜歡做……而不喜歡做
would do , rather than do喜歡做……而不喜歡做
fare VS fee費(fèi)用
ever since自從
it’s is / has been + 時(shí)間段 + since 從句 自……以來已經(jīng)
graduate from/ in從……畢業(yè)
be fond of喜愛
cut across穿過打斷;抄近路穿過;遮斷;與…相抵觸
cut up切碎;砍傷;惡作劇;使悲痛
cut down砍倒
care about照顧
care for關(guān)心
determine to do sth = be determined to do sth 決心做某事
change one’s mind改變主意
make up one’s mind改變主意
at an altitude of在……的海拔高度
give in 屈服
give up 放棄
give off發(fā)出，放出 give out分發(fā)，公布
give away泄露，贈送
keep pace with與……并進(jìn)
as usual像往常一樣
bend over趴;伏;彎腰，彎曲
take the advantage of利用
persuade sb to do sth / into doing sth not to do sth/ out of doing sth 說服某人做或者不做某事
advise sb to do sth建議某人做某事
try to persuade sb to do sth試圖說服某人去做某件事
although =though雖然
grow up成長
insist on堅(jiān)持
put up張貼
put down記下，放下 put off延期 put on穿上
put away收起來、 can hardly wait to do sth忍不住做某事
devotes… to doing奉于
fight against 對抗，反對，與……作斗爭
selflessly 無私地
be free from 免于，不受
be in prison 入獄，在獄中服刑
the first man to do 第一個(gè)…的人
The time when I first met him was a very difficult period of my
第一次見到他的時(shí)候是在我一生中非常艱難的時(shí)期。
He was generous with his time, for which I was
他十分慷慨地給予我時(shí)間，我為此非常感激。
become out of 失業(yè)
hope that…/to do
as soon as I could 盡快， 馬上
We were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the
我們被置于這樣一個(gè)境地：要么我們被迫接受低人一等的現(xiàn)實(shí)，要么跟政府作斗爭。
only 位于句首，修飾狀語從句時(shí)，主句采用部分倒裝的語序。
only in this way can you come up with a solution to the
只有這樣，你才能想出解決這個(gè)問題的辦法。
as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上
blow up 爆炸,打氣
be equal to 和…平等
in trouble 處于困境 遇到麻煩
be willing to do 愿意，樂于
turn to 變成;求助于，借助于, 翻到，轉(zhuǎn)向
turn to sb for help 向某人求助
lose heart 灰心;泄氣, 喪失勇氣,失去信心
escape from 逃脫，逃離，從……逃出
should have done 本應(yīng)做而未做
needn’t have done 本不需要做而做了
can’t have done 過去不可能做過(對過去的否定推測)
must have done 對過去的肯定推測
pass the 通過考試
be better educated 受到良好教育
come to power 執(zhí)政
be proud to do be proud of sth 為…而自豪
set up 創(chuàng)立，建立，架起，建造
The company was set up ten years 公司是十年前建立的。
be sentenced to … 被判處……
Do you have any thoughts on that 你認(rèn)為那怎么樣?
to my understanding 按我的理解 to my opinion
be accepted by … 被……錄取、接受
die from 死于…(事故等外部原因) die of 死于… (疾病等自身原因)
under way 正在進(jìn)行
point of view 觀點(diǎn)
compete with… 與……競爭
advise
advise + advise + doing advise to do
advise + that從句(從句的謂語用“should + v原”， should 常省略)
注：與advise用法類似的動(dòng)詞如forbid,allow,permit,admit,consider等直接接動(dòng)詞作賓語時(shí)要用動(dòng)名詞，但接賓補(bǔ)時(shí)后跟不定式。
如：We forbid smoking
We forbid you to smoke
Unit 3 Travel journal
一、重點(diǎn)短語
travel----泛指旅行
journey----指長時(shí)間長距離的陸上旅行
voyage----指長距離的水上旅行，也可以指乘飛機(jī)旅行
trip----常指短時(shí)間短距離的旅行
tour----指周游，巡回旅游，
prefer to 更加喜歡，寧愿
prefer A to B 比起B(yǎng)，更喜歡A
prefer doing to doing 比起做…，寧愿做…
prefer to do rather than do 與其做…, 不如…
flow through 流過，流經(jīng)
ever since 自從
persuade to do 說服某人做某事
be fond of 喜歡
insist on doing 堅(jiān)持做某事
insist + that 從句(用should+ V原)
care about 關(guān)心
change one’s mind 改變想法
altitude 高度
attitude 態(tài)度，看法
make up one’s mind to do下定決心做某事
= decide to do = make a decision to do
give in 讓步，屈服
give up 放棄
be surprised to … 對…感到驚奇
to one’s surprise 令某人驚訝的是…
at last = finally = in the end 最終
stop to do 停下來去做某事
stop doing 停止做某事
as usual 像往常一樣
so…that 如此… 以至于…
So + adj + a/an + + that
Such + a/an + + + that
be familiar with 對…熟悉(人作主語)
be familiar to 為…所熟悉(物作主語)
二、語法:現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來，表示最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常見的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來的動(dòng)詞有：come/ go / leave/ arrive / travel / take / stay/ do等.
例： I’m 我就來
what are you doing next Sunday ? 你下個(gè)星期天做什么?
I hear that you are travelling along Mekong 我聽說你將沿湄公河旅行
Where are you staying at night? 你們晚上待在哪里/
Unit 5 Nelson Mandela – a modern hero
一、重點(diǎn)詞匯
selfish 自私的
selfless 無私的
devote oneself to… 致力于;獻(xiàn)身于
fight against 對抗，反對
fight for 為… 而戰(zhàn)
principle 原則
principal 校長;主要的
offer guidance to …給…提供指導(dǎo)
out of work 失業(yè)
join 加入(組織，俱樂部，成為其中一員)
join in 參加(活動(dòng))
take part in 參加(活動(dòng))
as + adj +as one can 盡可能…
= as + +as possible
as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上(=in fact)
blow up 爆炸，炸掉
set up 建立 ; set about 著手，開始做( set about doing )
set off 出發(fā)，動(dòng)身 ; set out 開始，出發(fā)(set out to do )
be sentenced to 被判…
be equal to 與…相等;勝任
be proud of 為…感到自豪
give out 分發(fā) (give off 散發(fā)出(氣味))
die for 為…而死
die of 死于(自身原因，如疾病)
die from 死于(外在原因，如車禍)
realize one’s dream of … 實(shí)現(xiàn)的夢想
only 位于句首時(shí)，要主謂倒裝
例：only then did we decide to answer violence with
only in this way, can we protect the environment
二.語法----定語從句
外研版英語選修六
Module 1
small talk 閑談,聊天
(be) nervous about 對……神經(jīng)緊張/害怕/膽怯/焦慮不安
think of 想起，回憶起
look away from 把目光從……移開
in addition 除此之外，另外
find out 了解(到);找出(信息)
put one’s foot in one’s mouth 犯使人難堪的錯(cuò)誤，說錯(cuò)話
as a consequence 因此，結(jié)果
cheer up 是某人高興/振作起來
leave out 放在一邊,刪去
(be) aware of 知道
take the lead 帶頭,領(lǐng)先
show off 炫耀
Module 2
play an important part in 在……中起重要作用(影響)
come up to 朝……走過來
turn away 走開
sweep over 向……擴(kuò)展
keep one’s eyes on 注視，盯著看
fix on 注視，凝視
cast about 尋找，搜索，想辦法
look around for 四處尋找
(be) associated with 與……有聯(lián)系
appeal to 對某人有吸引力，引起某人的興趣
(be) restricted to 限于
ahead of 在……前面
look back over one’s shoulder 回頭看
catch a glimpse of 瞥見
set out 出發(fā)，動(dòng)身
Module 3
burst out 突然發(fā)生，突然……起來
knock … over (開車)撞傷，撞死
lose interest in 對……失去興趣
from time to time 偶爾，有時(shí)
turn round 轉(zhuǎn)過身來
raise money 籌款
keep in touch 保持聯(lián)系
lose touch with 與……失去聯(lián)系
(be) ashamed of 對……感到慚愧/羞恥
(be)blessed with 享有……的福氣
(be) allergic to 對……過敏
(be) on good terms with 與某人關(guān)系很好
(be) nostalgic for 對……很懷念
bring … to mind 使……想起
all at once 突然，忽然
in return 反過來，作為交換
belong to 屬于
from the bottom of one’s heart 真心誠意地，發(fā)自內(nèi)心地
Module 4
(be)true of /for 與……情況相同
give life to 賦予……生命(生命力，活力)
(be) the same with 與……情況相同
share feelings and ideas with 與……分享感受與想法
make contact with 與……進(jìn)行來往
master musician 音樂大師
all of a sudden 突然間
dance to the music 伴著音樂跳舞
in addition to 除此之外
draw upon 利用，憑借，表明
Module 5
burn out (火)燃盡，燒完自滅
contrast with 與……形成對照
throw oneself on… 撲到在……上
again and again 一再，屢次
by mistake 錯(cuò)誤地
treat … as 把……當(dāng)成……對待
a sequence of 一系列的
(be) identical to 和……一樣，與……一致
rely on 依賴，依靠
as follows 如下
knock out 摧殘
get out of control 擺脫控制
as far a we know 據(jù)我所知
bring …back to life 使……復(fù)活
Module 6
declare war on 向……宣戰(zhàn)
make a breakthrough 取得重大突破(進(jìn)展)
pick up 停下來讓某人搭車(船等);救起
to one’s astonishment 令某人驚訝的是
academic /,?k?'demik/ 學(xué)術(shù)的
province /'pr?vins/ 省
enthusiastic /in,θju:zi'?stik/ 熱心的
amazing /?'meizi?/ 令人吃驚的;令人驚訝
information /,inf?'mei??n/ 信息
website /web’sait/ 網(wǎng)站;網(wǎng)址
brilliant /'brilj?nt/ (口語)極好的
comprehension /,k?mpri'hen??n/ 理解;領(lǐng)悟
instruction /in'str?k??n/ (常作復(fù)數(shù))指示;說明
method /'meθ?d/ 方法
bored /'b?:d/ 厭煩的; 厭倦的
embarrassed /im'b?r?st/ 尷尬的;難堪的;困窘的
attitude /'?titju:d/ 態(tài)度
behaviour /bi'heivj?/ 行為;舉動(dòng)
previous /'pri:vi?s/ 以前的;從前的
description /di'skrip??n/ 記述;描述
amazed /?'meizd/ 吃驚的;驚訝的
embarrassing /im'b?r?si?/ 令人尷尬的;
technology /tek'n?l?d?i/ 技術(shù)
impress /im'pres/ 使印象深刻
correction /k?'rek??n/ 改正;糾正
encouragement /in'k?rid?m?nt/ 鼓勵(lì);激勵(lì)
enjoyment /in'd??im?nt/ 享受;樂趣
fluency /'flu:?nsi/ 流利;流暢
misunderstanding /,mis?nd?'st?ndi?/ 誤解
disappointed /,dis?'p?intid/ 失望的
disappointing /,dis?'p?inti?/ adj 令人失望的
system /'sist?m/ 制度;體系;系統(tǒng)
teenager /'ti:nid??/ 少年
disappear /,dis?'pi?/ 消失
move /mu:v/ 搬家
assistant /?'sist?nt/ 助手;助理
cover /'k?v?/ 包含
diploma /di'pl?um?/ 文憑;畢業(yè)證書
in other words換句話說
look forward to 期待;盼望
at the start of在……開始的時(shí)候
at the end of在……結(jié)束的時(shí)候
go to college 上大學(xué)
be divided into 被(劃)分成……
take part in 參加
add up 合計(jì);加起來
calm down 平靜下來;鎮(zhèn)定下來
have got to 不得不;必須
calm down 平靜下來;鎮(zhèn)定下來
walk the dog 遛狗
pay for… 為……付錢
share…with… 與……分擔(dān)/分享……
laugt at… 嘲笑……
go through… 經(jīng)歷;經(jīng)受……
hide away 躲藏;隱藏
set down 放下;記下;登記
aseries of …一連串的;一系列;一套……
on purpose 故意
grow/becrazy about… 對……十分狂熱;十分癡迷
inorderto… 為了……
happen to 碰巧做某事
go down stairs 下樓
face to face 面對面地
putaway… 把……放下來(待用)
at dusk 黃昏時(shí)分
have trouble with… 在……方面有麻煩
go along/on with… 與……相處;進(jìn)展
fall in love… 相愛……;愛上……
think of… 想出……;想到……
join in… 參加……;加入……
show one’s interest in… 對……感興趣
communicate with… 與……交流
pay attention to… 注意……
more than one… 不止一個(gè)……
in some important ways 在某些重要方面而言
一、重點(diǎn)句型
What should a friend be like?詢問對方的看法
I think he / she should be…表示個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)的詞語
I enjoy reading / I'm fond of singing / I like playing computer 等表示喜好的詞語
Chuck is on a flight when suddenly his plane
“when"作并列連詞的用法
What / Who / When / Where is it 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的
特殊疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)
With so many people communicating in English everyday,
“with+賓語+賓補(bǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)做狀語
Can you tell me how to 帶連接副詞
(或代詞)的不定式做賓補(bǔ)的用法
【微語】別聽世俗的耳語，去看自己喜歡的風(fēng)景。
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